eDNA is powering a new wave of citizen science
Beneath the waves lies a hidden realm, teeming with secrets. All creatures, from tiny plankton to majestic whales, leave behind traces of their presence in the form of environmental DNA (eDNA). This eDNA acts as a genetic signature, providing scientists with a powerful new tool to understand the distribution of species within our marine ecosystems, without the need for direct observation or capture.
A tool for conservation
eDNA analysis opens a window into the health of our oceans and the challenges faced by marine species, such as climate change, overfishing, and invasive species. By decoding the DNA of organisms within a sample, researchers can learn more about ocean health. This understanding is crucial for addressing threats to marine ecosystems and safeguarding the health and diversity of our ocean.
The power of eDNA
The applications of eDNA research are vast. One of the most urgent applications is the ability to map the effects of climate change on biodiversity. The analysis of eDNA sheds light on how climate change impacts populations of known species. Understanding these shifts assists us in adapting to the changing dynamics of our environment.
Engaging sailors in citizen science
In collaboration with the Island Cruising Association rally and global racing organisations, Citizens of the Sea—a citizen science initiative supported by the Cawthron Institute and New Zealand Geographic—is empowering sailors and ocean racers to become guardians of the ocean. This year 25 vessels will participate in the scale trial, gathering eDNA as they sail between New Zealand, Tonga, Fiji and New Caledonia.
This program equips sailors with specialised gear to collect eDNA samples and other scientific data during their offshore voyages. Cruising sailors will tow devices behind their boats, collecting eDNA as they sail through offshore waters. Filters will be stored in a boat fridge until they are collected and analysed by Citizens of the Sea scientists. Racing sailors will use a different device specially suited to the conditions of ocean racing.
The cost of this venture pales in comparison to running a scientific research vessel, while yielding far more information, making ocean science possible at a truly ocean scale for the first time.
Through the extraction and sequencing of eDNA, Citizens of the Sea scientists will identify the species present in each sample to paint a vivid picture of ocean biodiversity in the South Pacific.
Contributing to a future with thriving oceans
By participating in the Citizens of the Sea initiative, sailors are playing a significant role in mapping ocean biodiversity at scale, particularly in remote areas that are often beyond the reach of scientists. The valuable data collected creates a scientific legacy, fueling ongoing research and deeper understanding of our fragile marine ecosystems. Together, sailors, racers and scientists are shaping a brighter future for our oceans.
